修改或覆寫核心和第三方PHP程式碼的最佳作法

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Vendor\Namespace\Adapter;

class AlgoliaElasticSearchAdapter extends \Magento\Elasticsearch7\SearchAdapter\Adapter
{
}

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Adobe\RewardAdjustments\Observer;

use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Event\Observer;
use Magento\Quote\Model\Quote;
use Magento\Sales\Api\Data\OrderInterface;

class SetOrderRewardFlag implements ObserverInterface
{
    /**
     * @param Observer $observer
     * @return void
     */
    public function execute(Observer $observer)
    {
        $event = $observer->getEvent();
        /* @var $order OrderInterface */
        $order = $event->getOrder();
        /** @var $quote Quote $quote */
        $quote = $event->getQuote();

        // do something to the order and/or quote object here
    }
}

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Adobe\CatalogAdjustments\Plugin;

class CategoryRepositoryPlugin
{
    /**
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Api\CategoryRepositoryInterface $subject
     * @param int $categoryId
     * @param int $storeId
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function beforeGet($subject, $categoryId, $storeId = null): array
    {
        // modify the $categoryId or $storeId arguments or perform some other functionality prior to execution of the `get` method
        return [$categoryId, $storeId];
    }

    /**
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Api\CategoryRepositoryInterface $subject
     * @param \Closure $origMethod
     * @param int $categoryId
     * @param int $storeId
     *
     * @return \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\CategoryInterface
     */
    public function aroundGet($subject, $origMethod, $categoryId, $storeId = null): \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\CategoryInterface
    {
        // here you can do something before calling the original method
        $result = $origMethod($categoryId, $storeId);
        // here you can do something after calling the original method
        // you can also NOT call the original method at all and instead, substitute our own functionality

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Api\CategoryRepositoryInterface $subject
     * @param \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\CategoryInterface $result
     * @param int $categoryId
     * @param int $storeId
     *
     * @return \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\CategoryInterface
     */
    public function afterGet($subject, $result, $categoryId, $storeId = null): \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\CategoryInterface
    {
        // here you modify the result produced by the original `get` function or you can execute some other functionality
        // note that you also have access to the original function arguments. it's too late to modify them, but if needed, they are available for reading

        return $result;
    }
}

<?php

class SomeClass
{
    public function __construct(
        private readonly AllowedCountries $allowedCountriesReader
    ) {}

    /**
     * Check is address allowed for store
     *
     * @param AddressInterface $address
     * @param int|null $storeId
     * @return bool
     */
    private function isAddressAllowedForWebsite(AddressInterface $address, $storeId): bool
    {
        $allowedCountries = $this->allowedCountriesReader->getAllowedCountries(ScopeInterface::SCOPE_STORE, $storeId);

        return in_array($address->getCountryId(), $allowedCountries);
    }
}

<?php

use Magento\Store\Model\ScopeInterface;

class OverrideAllowedCountries extends AllowedCountries
{
    /**
     * Retrieve all allowed countries for scope or scopes
     *
     * @param string $scope
     * @param string|null $scopeCode
     * @return array
     * @since 100.1.2
     */
    public function getAllowedCountries(
        $scope = ScopeInterface::SCOPE_WEBSITE,
        $scopeCode = null
    ) {
        // do some stuff here
        // you can call the original method or override it completely

        return $something;
    }
}