建立模組
模組是Commerce的結構元素 — 整個系統建置在模組上。 通常，建立自訂化的第一步是建置模組。
這部影片是給誰看的？
- 開發人員
新增模組的步驟
- 建立模組資料夾。
- 建立etc/module.xml檔案。
- 建立registration.php檔案。
- 執行bin/magento設定。
- 升級指令碼以安裝新模組。
- 檢查模組是否正常運作。
module.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Module/etc/module.xsd">
<module name="Training_Sales">
<sequence>
<module name="Magento_Sales"/>
</sequence>
</module>
</config>
registration.php
<?php
use Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar;
ComponentRegistrar::register(
ComponentRegistrar::MODULE,
'Training_Sales',
__DIR__);
新增外掛程式並提供一些功能
下一步是將一些功能新增至我們的基本模組。 外掛程式是所有Adobe Commerce開發人員使用的基本工具。 此影片和教學課程可協助您建立外掛程式。
外掛程式的注意事項
- 所有外掛程式皆已在
di.xml中宣告。 - 外掛程式需要唯一的名稱
- 已停用，且sortOrder為選用
- 外掛程式的範圍由其所在的資料夾設定
- 外掛程式可以在呼叫方法之前、之後或兩者同時執行
- 避免使用
around外掛程式。 這些設定很吸引人，但經常是錯誤的選擇，並會導致效能問題。
外掛程式程式碼範例
以下是在教學課程中用來將外掛程式新增至第一個模組的XML和PHP類別
app/code/Training/Sales/etc/adminhtml/di.xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--
/**
* Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.
* See COPYING.txt for license details.
*/
-->
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
<!-- A Plugin that executes when the admin user places an order -->
<type name="Magento\Sales\Model\Order">
<plugin name="admin-training-sales-add-logging" type="Training\Sales\Plugin\AdminAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin" disabled="false" sortOrder="0"/>
</type>
</config>
app/code/Training/Sales/etc/frontend/di.xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--
/**
* Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.
* See COPYING.txt for license details.
*/
-->
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
<!-- A plugin that executes when a customer uses the LoginPost controller from the Luma frontend -->
<type name="Magento\Customer\Controller\Account\LoginPost">
<plugin name="training-customer-loginpost-plugin"
type="Training\Sales\Plugin\CustomerLoginPostPlugin" sortOrder="20"/>
</type>
</config>
app/code/Training/Sales/etc/webapi_rest/di.xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--
/**
* Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.
* See COPYING.txt for license details.
*/
-->
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
<!-- A plugin that executes when the REST API is used OR when the Luma frontend places an order -->
<type name="Magento\Sales\Model\Order">
<plugin name="rest-training-sales-add-logging" type="Training\Sales\Plugin\RestAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin"/>
</type>
</config>
app/code/Training/Sales/Plugin/AdminAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin.php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Training\Sales\Plugin;
use Magento\Sales\Model\Order;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
/**
*
*/
class AdminAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin
{
/**
* @var LoggerInterface
*/
private LoggerInterface $logger;
/**
* @param LoggerInterface $logger
*/
public function __construct(
LoggerInterface $logger
) {
$this->logger = $logger;
}
/**
* Add log after an order is placed
*
* @param Order $subject
* @param Order $result
* @return Order
*/
public function afterPlace(Order $subject, Order $result): Order
{
// Log this admin area order
$this->logger->notice('An ADMIN User placed an Order - $' . $subject->getBaseTotalDue());
return $result;
}
}
app/code/Training/Sales/Plugin/CustomerLoginPostPlugin.php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Training\Sales\Plugin;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use Magento\Framework\App\RequestInterface;
/**
* Introduces Context information for ActionInterface of Customer Action
*/
class CustomerLoginPostPlugin
{
/**
* @var LoggerInterface
*/
private LoggerInterface $logger;
/**
* @var RequestInterface
*/
private RequestInterface $request;
/**
* @param LoggerInterface $logger
* @param RequestInterface $request
*/
public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger, RequestInterface $request)
{
$this->logger = $logger;
$this->request = $request;
}
/**
* Simple example of a before Plugin on a public method in a Controller
*/
public function beforeExecute()
{
$login = $this->request->getParam('login');
$username = $login['username'];
$this->logger->notice( "Login Post controller was used for " . $username );
}
}
app/code/Training/Sales/Plugin/RestAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin.php
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Training\Sales\Plugin;
use Magento\Sales\Model\Order;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
/**
*
*/
class RestAddLoggingAfterOrderPlacePlugin
{
/**
* @var LoggerInterface
*/
private LoggerInterface $logger;
/**
* @param LoggerInterface $logger
*/
public function __construct(
LoggerInterface $logger
) {
$this->logger = $logger;
}
/**
* Add log after an order is placed
*
* @param Order $subject
* @param Order $result
* @return Order
*/
public function afterPlace(Order $subject, Order $result): Order
{
// Log this customer driven order
$this->logger->notice('A Customer placed an Order for $' . $subject->getBaseTotalDue());
return $result;
}
}
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