Add site map and search engine robots

An attempt to generate and write the sitemap.xml file to the root directory results in the following error:

Please make sure that "/" is writable by the web-server.

With Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure, you can only write to specific directories, such as var, pub/media, pub/static, or app/etc. When you generate the sitemap.xml file using the Admin panel, you must specify the /media/ path.

You do not have to generate a robots.txt file because it generates the robots.txt content on demand and stores it in the database. You can view the content in your browser with the <domain.your.project>/robots.txt or <domain.your.project>/robots link.

This requires ECE-Tools version 2002.0.12 and later with an updated .magento.app.yaml file. See an example of these rules in the magento-cloud repository.

To generate a sitemap.xml file in version 2.2 and later:

To add content to the robots.txt file:

Rewrite using Fastly VCL snippet

If you have different domains and you need separate site maps, you can create a VCL to route to the proper sitemap. Generate the sitemap.xml file in the Admin panel as described above, then create a custom Fastly VCL snippet to manage the redirect. See Custom Fastly VCL snippets.

Use a Fastly VCL snippet for redirect

Create a custom VCL snippet to rewrite the path for sitemap.xml to /media/sitemap.xml using the type and content key-value pairs.

{
  "name": "sitemapxml_rewrite",
  "dynamic": "0",
  "type": "recv",
  "priority": "90",
  "content": "if ( req.url.path ~ \"^/?sitemap.xml$\" ) { set req.url = \"/media/sitemap.xml\"; }"
}

The following example demonstrates how to rewrite the path for robots.txt and sitemap.xml to /media/robots.txt and /media/sitemap.xml

{
  "name": "sitemaprobots_rewrite",
  "dynamic": "0",
  "type": "recv",
  "priority": "90",
  "content": "if ( req.url.path ~ \"^/?sitemap.xml$\" ) { set req.url = \"/media/sitemap.xml\"; } else if (req.url.path ~ \"^/?robots.txt$\") { set req.url = \"/media/robots.txt\";}"
}

To use a Fastly VCL snippet for particular domain redirect:

Create a pub/media/domain_robots.txt file, where the domain is domain.com, and use the next VCL snippet:

{
  "name": "domain_robots",
  "dynamic": "0",
  "type": "recv",
  "priority": "90",
  "content": "if ( req.url.path == \"/robots.txt\" ) { if ( req.http.host ~ \"(domain).com$\" ) { set req.url = \"/media/\" re.group.1 \"_robots.txt\"; }}"
}

The VCL snippet routes http://domain.com/robots.txt and presents the pub/media/domain_robots.txt file.

To configure a redirect for robots.txt and sitemap.xml in a single snippet, create pub/media/domain_robots.txt and pub/media/domain_sitemap.xml files, where the domain is domain.com and use the next VCL snippet:

{
  "name": "domain_sitemaprobots",
  "dynamic": "0",
  "type": "recv",
  "priority": "90",
  "content": "if ( req.url.path == \"/robots.txt\" ) { if ( req.http.host ~ \"(domain).com$\" ) { set req.url = \"/media/\" re.group.1 \"_robots.txt\"; }} else if ( req.url.path == \"/sitemap.xml\" ) { if ( req.http.host ~ \"(domain).com$\" ) {  set req.url = \"/media/\" re.group.1 \"_sitemap.xml\"; }}"
}

In the sitemap admin config, you must specify the location of the file using pub/media/ rather than /.

Configure indexing by search engine

To activate robots.txt customizations in Production, you must enable the Indexing by search engines is On for <environment-name> option in your project settings.